SELECT 
  product_id, 
  feature_id, 
  variant_id 
FROM 
  cscart_product_features_values 
WHERE 
  product_id IN (
    37492, 37650, 37651, 37652, 37653, 37654, 
    37655, 37656, 37657, 37658
  ) 
  AND feature_id IN (23804) 
  AND lang_code = 'vi'

Query time 0.00338

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "nested_loop": [
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "cscart_product_features_values",
          "access_type": "range",
          "possible_keys": [
            "PRIMARY",
            "fl",
            "lang_code",
            "product_id",
            "fpl",
            "idx_product_feature_variant_id"
          ],
          "key": "idx_product_feature_variant_id",
          "key_length": "12",
          "used_key_parts": ["product_id", "feature_id", "lang_code"],
          "rows": 10,
          "filtered": 100,
          "attached_condition": "cscart_product_features_values.feature_id = 23804 and cscart_product_features_values.product_id in (37492,37650,37651,37652,37653,37654,37655,37656,37657,37658) and cscart_product_features_values.lang_code = 'vi'",
          "using_index": true
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

Result

product_id feature_id variant_id
37492 23804 82813
37650 23804 82822
37651 23804 82814
37652 23804 82815
37653 23804 82816
37654 23804 82817
37655 23804 82818
37656 23804 82819
37657 23804 82820
37658 23804 82821