SELECT 
  gp.*, 
  p.company_id 
FROM 
  cscart_product_variation_group_products AS gp 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_products AS p ON gp.product_id = p.product_id 
WHERE 
  gp.group_id IN (15339)

Query time 0.00249

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "nested_loop": [
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "gp",
          "access_type": "ref",
          "possible_keys": ["idx_group_id"],
          "key": "idx_group_id",
          "key_length": "3",
          "used_key_parts": ["group_id"],
          "ref": ["const"],
          "rows": 11,
          "filtered": 100
        }
      },
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "p",
          "access_type": "eq_ref",
          "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
          "key": "PRIMARY",
          "key_length": "3",
          "used_key_parts": ["product_id"],
          "ref": ["dev_db.gp.product_id"],
          "rows": 1,
          "filtered": 100
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

Result

product_id parent_product_id group_id company_id
40326 31786 15339 415
40325 31786 15339 415
40324 31786 15339 415
40323 31786 15339 415
40322 31786 15339 415
40321 31786 15339 415
40320 31786 15339 415
31784 31786 15339 415
27378 31786 15339 415
31785 31786 15339 415
42263 31786 15339 415
42262 31786 15339 415
31786 0 15339 415