SELECT 
  product_id 
FROM 
  cscart_product_popularity 
WHERE 
  product_id IN (
    37498, 37499, 37500, 37501, 37502, 37503, 
    37504, 37505, 37506, 37507, 37508, 
    37509, 37510, 37511, 37512, 37513, 
    37514
  )

Query time 0.01234

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "nested_loop": [
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "cscart_product_popularity",
          "access_type": "range",
          "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "total"],
          "key": "PRIMARY",
          "key_length": "3",
          "used_key_parts": ["product_id"],
          "rows": 17,
          "filtered": 100,
          "attached_condition": "cscart_product_popularity.product_id in (37498,37499,37500,37501,37502,37503,37504,37505,37506,37507,37508,37509,37510,37511,37512,37513,37514)",
          "using_index": true
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}