SELECT 
  gp.*, 
  p.company_id 
FROM 
  cscart_product_variation_group_products AS gp 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_products AS p ON gp.product_id = p.product_id 
WHERE 
  gp.group_id IN (15426)

Query time 0.00082

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "nested_loop": [
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "gp",
          "access_type": "ref",
          "possible_keys": ["idx_group_id"],
          "key": "idx_group_id",
          "key_length": "3",
          "used_key_parts": ["group_id"],
          "ref": ["const"],
          "rows": 9,
          "filtered": 100
        }
      },
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "p",
          "access_type": "eq_ref",
          "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
          "key": "PRIMARY",
          "key_length": "3",
          "used_key_parts": ["product_id"],
          "ref": ["dev_db.gp.product_id"],
          "rows": 1,
          "filtered": 100
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

Result

product_id parent_product_id group_id company_id
32304 0 15426 623
32347 32304 15426 623
32348 32304 15426 623
32349 32304 15426 623
32350 32304 15426 623
32351 32304 15426 623
32352 32304 15426 623
32353 32304 15426 623
32354 32304 15426 623
32355 32304 15426 623