SELECT 
  f.feature_id, 
  f.purpose, 
  p.product_id, 
  p.parent_product_id, 
  g.id, 
  g.code 
FROM 
  cscart_product_variation_group_features AS f 
  INNER JOIN cscart_product_variation_groups AS g ON f.group_id = g.id 
  INNER JOIN cscart_product_variation_group_products AS p ON f.group_id = p.group_id 
WHERE 
  p.product_id IN (
    48823, 6556, 14911, 6561, 6562, 6558
  )

Query time 0.00310

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "nested_loop": [
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "p",
          "access_type": "range",
          "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "idx_group_id"],
          "key": "PRIMARY",
          "key_length": "3",
          "used_key_parts": ["product_id"],
          "rows": 6,
          "filtered": 100,
          "index_condition": "p.product_id in (48823,6556,14911,6561,6562,6558)"
        }
      },
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "f",
          "access_type": "ref",
          "possible_keys": ["idx_group_id"],
          "key": "idx_group_id",
          "key_length": "3",
          "used_key_parts": ["group_id"],
          "ref": ["dev_db.p.group_id"],
          "rows": 1,
          "filtered": 100
        }
      },
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "g",
          "access_type": "eq_ref",
          "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
          "key": "PRIMARY",
          "key_length": "3",
          "used_key_parts": ["id"],
          "ref": ["dev_db.p.group_id"],
          "rows": 1,
          "filtered": 100
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

Result

feature_id purpose product_id parent_product_id id code
19649 group_variation_catalog_item 6556 0 12177 PV-61DCCF975
19647 group_variation_catalog_item 6558 0 12175 PV-4AD0A8768
19644 group_variation_catalog_item 6561 0 12172 PV-8ADA19359
19643 group_variation_catalog_item 6562 0 12171 PV-06FBE62A4
19645 group_variation_catalog_item 14911 0 12173 PV-329C4BB44
24957 group_variation_catalog_item 48823 0 17210 PV-46EF02479