SELECT 
  product_id 
FROM 
  cscart_product_popularity 
WHERE 
  product_id IN (
    16697, 16680, 16679, 16678, 16677, 16676, 
    16675, 16674, 16673, 16672, 16671, 
    16670, 16669, 16668, 16667, 16666, 
    16665, 5510
  )

Query time 0.00106

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "nested_loop": [
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "cscart_product_popularity",
          "access_type": "range",
          "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY", "total"],
          "key": "PRIMARY",
          "key_length": "3",
          "used_key_parts": ["product_id"],
          "rows": 18,
          "filtered": 100,
          "attached_condition": "cscart_product_popularity.product_id in (16697,16680,16679,16678,16677,16676,16675,16674,16673,16672,16671,16670,16669,16668,16667,16666,16665,5510)",
          "using_index": true
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}