SELECT 
  product_id, 
  feature_id, 
  variant_id 
FROM 
  cscart_product_features_values 
WHERE 
  product_id IN (
    40584, 40583, 40529, 40586, 40589, 40587, 
    40590, 40591, 40588, 40585
  ) 
  AND feature_id IN (24098) 
  AND lang_code = 'vi'

Query time 0.00159

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "nested_loop": [
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "cscart_product_features_values",
          "access_type": "range",
          "possible_keys": [
            "PRIMARY",
            "fl",
            "lang_code",
            "product_id",
            "fpl",
            "idx_product_feature_variant_id"
          ],
          "key": "idx_product_feature_variant_id",
          "key_length": "12",
          "used_key_parts": ["product_id", "feature_id", "lang_code"],
          "rows": 10,
          "filtered": 100,
          "attached_condition": "cscart_product_features_values.feature_id = 24098 and cscart_product_features_values.product_id in (40584,40583,40529,40586,40589,40587,40590,40591,40588,40585) and cscart_product_features_values.lang_code = 'vi'",
          "using_index": true
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}