SELECT 
  gp.*, 
  p.company_id 
FROM 
  cscart_product_variation_group_products AS gp 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_products AS p ON gp.product_id = p.product_id 
WHERE 
  gp.group_id IN (13420)

Query time 0.00120

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "nested_loop": [
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "gp",
          "access_type": "ref",
          "possible_keys": ["idx_group_id"],
          "key": "idx_group_id",
          "key_length": "3",
          "used_key_parts": ["group_id"],
          "ref": ["const"],
          "rows": 9,
          "filtered": 100
        }
      },
      {
        "table": {
          "table_name": "p",
          "access_type": "eq_ref",
          "possible_keys": ["PRIMARY"],
          "key": "PRIMARY",
          "key_length": "3",
          "used_key_parts": ["product_id"],
          "ref": ["dev_db.gp.product_id"],
          "rows": 1,
          "filtered": 100
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

Result

product_id parent_product_id group_id company_id
21055 2498 13420 292
21054 2498 13420 292
21053 2498 13420 292
21052 2498 13420 292
21051 2498 13420 292
21050 2498 13420 292
21049 2498 13420 292
21048 2498 13420 292
21047 2498 13420 292
2498 0 13420 292